General

Funeral insurance may give you peace of mind but over time the premiums may cost you more than the funeral itself. Here are a few things to consider before signing up for funeral insurance.

What is funeral insurance?

Funeral insurance is a policy that will give your family a lump sum payment to help pay for funeral and associated expenses when you die.

How does funeral insurance work?

You pay monthly or fortnightly premiums (ongoing payments) for a fixed amount of cover. Usually you can choose between $5,000 to $15,000 cover which will be paid to your beneficiary when you die.

With funeral insurance, you are not saving for funeral costs but buying insurance to meet those costs at some future date.

Unlike taking out insurance for a car accident which is an unknown event, we all know that we will die sometime. Because you don’t know when you are going to die, you need to think about whether you can afford to pay premiums for funeral insurance for the next 10, 20 or more years.

Funeral insurance premiums increase over time

Not only will you need to keep making payments over the years, but premiums are usually ‘stepped’ which means they increase with age and grow over time.

Funeral insurance premiums tend to rise steeply for people over 50 and this can cause people to cancel their policy in the first few years, losing the benefit of premiums already paid.

If the premium payments become unaffordable and you stop paying them, your policy is likely to be cancelled. You will not get back the money that you have paid towards your policy. Different insurers have different rules, so read the PDS carefully before you sign up.

Read ASIC’s media release on their 2015 funeral insurance report that shows how sharply premiums rise for people over 50 and the types of funeral policies that have high cancellation rates.

What to consider before you buy funeral insurance

Before you buy funeral insurance you need to check if it is worth the money:

• Weighing up costs and other options – Will you be paying more for the insurance than the funeral will actually cost? Have you considered other options you might have for paying for a funeral?
• Keeping up with premium increases – When your premiums increase, will you be able to keep paying them?

Think long term and remember, if you can’t keep up with the payments you are likely to lose all the money you have paid towards the insurance.

How fast will your insurance premium rise?

Your insurance premiums will go up over time. The PDS will tell you if your cover will increase by the Consumer Price Index (CPI) or by a predetermined amount – which means your premium will rise to cover the larger amount of cover.

If you don’t want your cover to increase you can usually opt out of this, but you must contact your funeral insurance provider. Always check the PDS for these details.

Case study: Alice gets funeral insurance

Alice was 58 and still working when she took out funeral insurance costing $20 per fortnight. She wanted funeral cover so her family did not have to worry about paying for her funeral.

By the time Alice was 71, her premium had doubled and cost her more than $40 per fortnight. It had gone up every year as she aged and to cover inflation.

She struggled to pay the higher premium on her much lower, post-retirement income. She also knew it would continue to go up each year.

Alice added up all the premiums she had paid over the last 13 years and worked out that they had cost her more than $10,000.

What is ‘Expenses only’ funeral insurance

‘Expenses only’ funeral insurance means your family only get a payout for the actual cost of your funeral. Like other funeral insurance, you still make regular payments that will increase over time.

These types of funeral plans:

• Only cover funeral expenses – You may need to prove the funeral costs with receipt.
• Can be sold door-to-door – Don’t sign up on the spot if someone is selling you this product at your door. Take the brochures and have a think about it.
• Offer you less protection – Laws that protect consumers and their money when buying funeral insurance may not apply to ‘expenses only’ plans.
• Offer you less coverage – Exclusions may apply.

Should you buy funeral insurance?

There are pros and cons to buying funeral insurance. Here are some key facts to help you decide if it’s right for you.

Pros

• Immediate cover with exclusions – You can get cover from day one but most policies only cover accidental death in the first year or two.
• Helps people who struggle to save – It may suit you if you aren’t sure if you can save for funeral costs.

Cons

• Increasing premiums – Premiums generally go up over time. This means what starts out as a cheap way to pay funeral costs can become very expensive, especially if you are living on a fixed income.
• No refund on premiums you’ve paid – If you can’t afford to keep up the premiums or want to cancel your policy, you probably won’t get back the premiums you have paid.
• Your premiums could cost you more than your funeral – If you live another 5 to 10 years you may end up paying more in premiums than the cost of the funeral. Visit the My Longevity website to work out your life expectancy.
• Exclusions apply in the first few years – As most insurers only cover accidental death in the first 2 years, if you die from a terminal illness in this time you may not be covered. Check the policy’s terms and conditions.
• You don’t get the money right away – Sometimes it can take a while for your family to receive the insurance payout to cover funeral costs.

Other ways to cover funeral costs

If you want to make things easier for your family by paying for your funeral in advance, there are other ways to do this. You could think about getting a pre-paid funeral, a funeral bond, using your superannuation or even saving up for your funeral in a separate high interest savings account. See paying for your funeral for more information on all your options.

If you decide funeral insurance is right for you, shop around and get a few funeral insurance quotes. Then you’ll be able to get the best value for money as policies differ between insurers. Make sure you feel comfortable paying the rising premiums over time.

For more information about Aged Care please contact us on 9836 8399.

Source:
Reproduced with the permission of ASIC’s MoneySmart Team. This article was originally published at www.moneysmart.gov.au 

Important:

This provides general information and hasn’t taken your circumstances into account.  It’s important to consider your particular circumstances before deciding what’s right for you. Although the information is from sources considered reliable, we do not guarantee that it is accurate or complete. You should not rely upon it and should seek qualified advice before making any investment decision. Except where liability under any statute cannot be excluded, we do not accept any liability (whether under contract, tort or otherwise) for any resulting loss or damage of the reader or any other person. 

Any information provided by the author detailed above is separate and external to our business and our Licensee. Neither our business, nor our Licensee take any responsibility for their action or any service they provide.

Any links have been provided with permission for information purposes only and will take you to external websites, which are not connected to our company in any way. Note: Our company does not endorse and is not responsible for the accuracy of the contents/information contained within the linked site(s) accessible from this page.

A mix of low interest rates, high housing prices and waves of baby boomers nearing or already in retirement is increasing Australia’s levels of grey mortgage debt.

Greater longevity would also have made some of us more comfortable about carrying debt into older ages than in the past.

Ideally, we would enter retirement with our home mortgages paid off and completely free of any other kind of debt. In theory at least, this may enable us to use our retirement savings to fully or partly finance our retirement.

Yet many retirees reach common retirement ages with outstanding mortgages and other debts. This leads to the inevitable question: How is the debt to be repaid?

A wide-reaching research paper*, Inquiry into housing policies, labour force participation and economic growth, published in June by the Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute at Curtin and RMIT universities, reinforces past findings that Australia’s grey mortgage debt is growing.

The project’s findings regarding the mortgage debt of older Australians include:

• Growing numbers of householders are taking higher levels of mortgage debt, relative to their household incomes, and paying that debt down later in life.
• Mortgage stress caused by borrowing more to pay soaring house prices is prompting more homebuyers to extend their working lives.
• Retirement nest eggs such as super may be “raided” to pay off mortgages.
• The take-up of more debt by highly-leveraged households exposes borrowers and the overall economy to “significant risk” if housing prices fall or if interest rates rise.
• Home owners are increasing using flexible mortgage products to unlock housing equity “at all stages of the life cycle”.

What to do about grey debt is clearly becoming a more critical personal finance issue.

Often indebted retirees will, of course consider using at least part of their super to fully pay off or reduce their loans. And some will direct part of their super pensions to make repayments.

Other debt-reduction possibilities for grey debtors include remaining in the workforce for longer than perhaps intended, as discussed by the Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute, or “downsizing” to a less-expensive home.

However, in practice, an attempt at downsizing to repayment debt may not produce the anticipated money – particularly after taking stamp duty and real estate agents’ fees into account. And working past common retirement ages may not be achievable – an appropriate job may not be available or health considerations may act as a barrier.

It may be worthwhile seeking advice from a financial planner before taking a new mortgage or drawing down on a home equity loan if it is unlikely that the debt can be repaid by your intended retirement age.

Perhaps you need advice about how to deal with an existing longstanding mortgage as your retirement nears. Don’t overlook debt repayment in your financial planning for retirement.If you would like to discuss anything in this article, please call us on 03 9836 8399.

*The Inquiry into housing policies, labour force participation and economic growth Inquiry into housing policies, labour force participation and economic growth Inquiry into housing policies, labour force participation and economic growth report by Rachel Ong (Curtin University), Gavin Wood (RMIT University), Stephen Whelan (University of Sydney), Melek Cigdem (RMIT), Kadir Atalay (University of Sydney) and Jago Dodson (RMIT).

Source:

Written by Robin Bowerman, Head of Market Strategy and Communications at Vanguard.

Reproduced with permission of Vanguard Investments Australia Ltd

Vanguard Investments Australia Ltd (ABN 72 072 881 086 / AFS Licence 227263) is the product issuer. We have not taken yours and your clients’ circumstances into account when preparing this material so it may not be applicable to the particular situation you are considering. You should consider your circumstances and our Product Disclosure Statement (PDS) or Prospectus before making any investment decision. You can access our PDS or Prospectus online or by calling us. This material was prepared in good faith and we accept no liability for any errors or omissions. Past performance is not an indication of future performance.

© 2017 Vanguard Investments Australia Ltd. All rights reserved.

Important:
Any information provided by the author detailed above is separate and external to our business and our Licensee. Neither our business, nor our Licensee take any responsibility for their action or any service they provide.

Any links have been provided with permission for information purposes only and will take you to external websites, which are not connected to our company in any way. Note: Our company does not endorse and is not responsible for the accuracy of the contents/information contained within the linked site(s) accessible from this page.

Most investors could probably name off the top of their heads some of the stocks which have created much of the shareholder wealth on the US market over past 90 years.

Yet to name at least a handful of these top wealth-creators in mid-2017, investors have, of course, the great advantage of hindsight.

And it’s an investment fundamental that past performance is not an indication of future performance.

Recent research confirms that relatively few stocks account for much of the shareholder wealth created by the US market between July 1926 and December 2015.

Just 30 individual stocks collectively account for almost a third of the net wealth. And 86 stocks, or less than a third of 1 per cent, account for more than half of the wealth created.

The draft research paper – Do stocks outperform Treasury bills? by Arizona State University Professor of Finance, Hendrick Bessembinder, includes a fascinating list of the top wealth creators in their time on broad market during the almost 90-year research period.

This research attempts to capture the experience of a hypothetical investor who reinvests the dividends yet does not invest any additional capital. And the wealth created is defined as the excess amount shareholders would have earned by investing in shares rather than short-term government bonds.

Professor Bessembinder calculates that the broad US market earned a total of almost $US32 trillion in net wealth.

The top six wealth-creating stocks were:

• Exxon Mobil. Wealth created: $US939.8 billion. Time on market during research period: 1073 months, or almost 90 years.
• Apple Inc. Wealth created: $US677.4 billion. Time on market during research period: 420 months, or 35 years
• General Electrics. Wealth created: $US597.5 billion. Time on market during research period: 1073 months, or almost 90 years.
• Microsoft. Wealth created: $567.7 billion. Time on market during research period: 357 months, or almost 30 years.
• IBM. Wealth created: $487.3 billion. Time on market during research period: Almost 30 years.
• Altria Group. Wealth created: $448.1 billion. Time on market during research period: 1073 months, or almost 90 years.

In addition to Apple and Microsoft, other stocks that have created huge amounts of shareholder wealth in the shortest time to rank near the top of the shareholder wealth-creators over the past 90 years include Amazon (14th in shareholder wealth creation with less than 19 years on the market during the research period) and Alphabet (parent of Google, 16th in shareholder wealth creation, 11 years on the market).

“Simply put, very large positive returns to a few stocks offset the negative returns to more typical stocks,” Professor Bessembinder writes.

Although this might encourage some investors to attempt to pick a select group of wealth-creating stocks, the reality is that this study demonstrates how identifying such companies with absolute certainty can only be done in hindsight.

For investors wanting to capture wealth-creation in future, the best answer lies in broad diversification. A share portfolio that holds a broad basket of companies, big and small, is in the best position to capture future growth from tomorrow’s wealth-creating stocks.

If you would like to discuss anything in this article, please call us on 03 9836 8399.

Source:

Written by Robin Bowerman, Head of Market Strategy and Communications at Vanguard.

Reproduced with permission of Vanguard Investments Australia Ltd

Vanguard Investments Australia Ltd (ABN 72 072 881 086 / AFS Licence 227263) is the product issuer. We have not taken yours and your clients’ circumstances into account when preparing this material so it may not be applicable to the particular situation you are considering. You should consider your circumstances and our Product Disclosure Statement (PDS) or Prospectus before making any investment decision. You can access our PDS or Prospectus online or by calling us. This material was prepared in good faith and we accept no liability for any errors or omissions. Past performance is not an indication of future performance.

© 2017 Vanguard Investments Australia Ltd. All rights reserved.

Important:
Any information provided by the author detailed above is separate and external to our business and our Licensee. Neither our business, nor our Licensee take any responsibility for their action or any service they provide.

Any links have been provided with permission for information purposes only and will take you to external websites, which are not connected to our company in any way. Note: Our company does not endorse and is not responsible for the accuracy of the contents/information contained within the linked site(s) accessible from this page.

When most people think of salary sacrifice they think of superannuation. It’s pretty easy to see why. If someone earning $100,000 a year takes the last $10,000 of that amount as cash salary, they will pay $3,900 in tax and the Medicare levy. Salary sacrifice that same amount as a concessional contribution to super and only $1,500 will be lost to tax.

The reduction in the annual concessional contribution cap to $25,000 limits the amount that can be salary sacrificed to super, so it’s worth remembering that there are other expenses that can be paid with pre-tax income under a salary packaging arrangement. This is subject to your employer’s agreement, of course.

The FBT effect

While pretty much any expense can be included in a salary package, including mortgage repayments, school/childcare fees and holidays on the French Riviera, your employer will be required to pay fringe benefits tax (FBT) on most of these. Usually both the value of the benefit and the amount of tax will be deducted from your gross salary. The problem is that the FBT rate is equivalent to the top personal marginal tax rate. So if you are not in that top tax bracket you will usually be worse off packaging most personal expenses; and if you are in the top bracket there’s little to be gained.

That said, there are some items that receive special treatment for FBT which can be worth packaging. And this can work really well for employees of some not-for-profit organisations.

Exceptions to the rule

Particular items that relate to your work are exempt from FBT so there can be a clear benefit in including them in a salary package, such as:

• portable electronic devices,
• items of computer software,
• protective clothing,
• a briefcase,
• a tool of trade.

While there’s a limit of only one of each type of device per year, you can always hand down this year’s model to the kids when you upgrade next year.

Special tax treatment

Another popular item for salary packaging is a car; either one owned or leased directly by your employer, or one leased by you under a novated lease arrangement. While FBT usually applies, it is calculated on the ‘taxable value’ of the vehicle. Depending on a number of factors this may be less than the actual value of the benefit received, providing you with an overall financial advantage.

Otherwise deductible

Your employer can pay expenses on your behalf that you would be entitled to claim as a tax deduction. In the long run this won’t put more money in your pocket, but you will receive the benefit sooner than if you have to submit your tax return and wait for your refund.

One thing to be aware of: your employer’s compulsory super guarantee (SG) payments only need to be paid on your salary component. Unless you negotiate otherwise, salary packaging can lower SG contributions.

Charitable opportunities

Not-for-profit organisations, including hospitals and charities, enjoy a range of FBT exemptions or rebates. These open up some real opportunities for salary packaging by employees. Different caps apply depending on the type of organisation, but in some cases employees can effectively package benefits with a pre-tax value of over $15,000.

Advice required

This article is a basic introduction to salary packaging. Whether you are an employer or employee, this area can be complex and the potential benefits depend greatly on individual circumstances. Before you do anything, talk to your licensed adviser to see if packaging is right for you.

For more information about salary packaging please contact us on 03 9836 8399.

Sources:

ASIC’s MoneySmart website – Salary packaging: https://www.moneysmart.gov.au/managing-your-money/income-tax/salary-packaging

Important:

This provides general information and hasn’t taken your circumstances into account.  It’s important to consider your particular circumstances before deciding what’s right for you. Any information provided by the author detailed above is separate and external to our business and our Licensee. Neither our business, nor our Licensee takes any responsibility for their action or any service they provide.

As you approach your fifties and sixties, you will probably start to think about retiring. For many women, this can herald a significant change in lifestyle.

Some early planning for this new stage of life can help you enjoy a successful transition from work to your retirement.

When can you retire?

In Australia there is no fixed age at which women have to retire. Currently, you can access superannuation from age 55 to 60 depending on when you were born.You may be entitled to the age pension from age 65 to 67, depending on when you were born. Use the super and age pension calculator to find out.

Work out when you would be entitled to the Age Pension and superannuation.

Super and pension age calculator

Making a gradual transition to retirement

Many women choose a gradual transition to retirement, often winding back their working days over a few years. This lets you become accustomed to a reduced workload and gives you time to develop hobbies or interests for later in your retirement. By delaying full-time retirement you can also accumulate a larger nest egg.

There are many options available to help you make the transition to retirement. For example, a transition to retirement income stream, or pension, lets you draw down your super to supplement your employment income when you cut back your working week.

Case study: Jill gets a taste for retirement

Jill, a 60-year-old divorcee, wanted to retire but was concerned about the loss of social contact and mental stimulation that work provided.

‘This year I’ve moved from a full-time role to a part-time position. Initially I felt I had a lot of time on my hands, so I joined the volunteer group at my local hospital, and now I feel busier than ever!

‘I’m still keen to stay on at work for a few more years but getting a taste of retirement has been really reassuring. I’m not so worried about being bored or lonely after I finish up with work. And by putting off my full retirement and not drawing on my retirement savings, my nest egg should last longer.’

Will you have enough money?

The amount of money you will need to retire depends on your age and your intended lifestyle. Most retirees need more income in their first years of retirement when they might take the opportunity to travel or pursue hobbies. As they get older, their lifestyle winds down and they will need less income.

Work out what income you are likely to have at retirement. Retirement planner

Give your super a last minute boost

If you earn substantial take-home pay but still worry that your super won’t be enough to fund a comfortable retirement, it may be possible to give your nest egg a last minute boost.

Speak to your employer about salary sacrificing, or contributing to super from your pre-tax income. While it means taking home less pay now, it is a simple way to add to your super. It may also be tax effective.

If you’re on a lower income you may be eligible for a government co-contribution. Find out more from the Australian Tax Office: Super co-contributions.

Good advice can be a good investment

Our tax and super systems are complex. Getting good advice to help you navigate through your finances can make a big difference.

Managing the lifestyle change

For many women, retirement involves a significant change in lifestyle. Not only do you have more leisure time, you are likely to see a lot more of your family and friends.

Talk to your partner about how you are both coping with retirement. Healthy communication will smooth the transition from worker to retiree, and let you make the most of this new stage of life.

Like any of life’s milestones, retirement requires careful planning to make it fulfilling. Looking ahead at how much money you will need and what you like to do will help you ease into retirement and enjoy your accomplishments.

For more information about retirement planning contact us on 03 9836 8399

Source:
Reproduced with the permission of ASIC’s MoneySmart Team. This article was originally published at www.moneysmart.gov.au 

Important

This provides general information and hasn’t taken your circumstances into account.  It’s important to consider your particular circumstances before deciding what’s right for you. Although the information is from sources considered reliable, we do not guarantee that it is accurate or complete. You should not rely upon it and should seek qualified advice before making any investment decision. Except where liability under any statute cannot be excluded, we do not accept any liability (whether under contract, tort or otherwise) for any resulting loss or damage of the reader or any other person.

Any information provided by the author detailed above is separate and external to our business and our Licensee. Neither our business, nor our Licensee take any responsibility for their action or any service they provide.

Any links have been provided with permission for information purposes only and will take you to external websites, which are not connected to our company in any way. Note: Our company does not endorse and is not responsible for the accuracy of the contents/information contained within the linked site(s) accessible from this page.

Many investors may not realise that Australia’s super and non-super personal investment markets are almost equal in value.

Yet super tends to dominate the personal investment headlines – particularly in the lead-up to the biggest changes to the super system in at least a decade from July. The Personal Investments Market Projections 2016 report, just published by actuaries and consultants Rice Warner, calculates that the total value of super and non-super personal investments was $4.75 trillion at June 2016. And non-super investments made up 49 per cent of this total.

It is critical for investors to co-ordinate their super and non-super investment portfolios. This includes for their retirement and investment strategies, strategic asset allocations for portfolios, periodic rebalancing of portfolios, tax planning and estate planning.

One of the challenges when trying to assess the adequacy (or inadequacy) of your retirement savings is to fully take into account all of your investments, inside and outside of super.

Rice Warner defines the personal non-super investments market in its “broadest sense” including all investment assets held by individuals in their own names or through trusts and companies. It does not include family homes and personal effects.

Direct property and directly-held cash and term deposits make up the vast majority in value of non-super personal investment. While direct property (net of mortgages) accounts for 40 per cent of the assets, directly-held cash and term deposits account for 43 per cent. By contrast, direct shares make up just 9 per cent of personal non-super investments.

Individuals hold 93 per cent of personal non-super personal investments directly rather than through investment products and investment platforms.

Numerous investors, of course, hold geared and non-geared direct property in their own names – often dominating their personal non-super portfolios – while having more widely-diversified super portfolios.

Rice Warner expects that the lowering of the super contribution caps from July 1 to lead to a small fall in the total value of non-super personal investments in 2016-17 followed by “modest but sustained” growth in subsequent years.

“This reflects many wealthier individuals making one-off contributions to superannuation in the current financial year; potentially funding the contributions from existing assets rather than income,” its report explains.

However, Rice Warner anticipates that the lower contribution caps will mean that more money is directed into non-super personal investments after July this year.

It is worth considering whether to take professional advice about your overall super and non-super investment portfolios. It can be a trap to look at each in isolation.

Soon in Smart Investing: How Australia’s non-super personal investment market may develop over the next 15 years and what it may mean for you.For more information about superannuation and other investments please contact us on 03 9836 8399.

Source:

Written by Robin Bowerman, Head of Market Strategy and Communications at Vanguard.

Reproduced with permission of Vanguard Investments Australia Ltd

Vanguard Investments Australia Ltd (ABN 72 072 881 086 / AFS Licence 227263) is the product issuer. We have not taken yours and your clients’ circumstances into account when preparing this material so it may not be applicable to the particular situation you are considering. You should consider your circumstances and our Product Disclosure Statement (PDS) or Prospectus before making any investment decision. You can access our PDS or Prospectus online or by calling us. This material was prepared in good faith and we accept no liability for any errors or omissions. Past performance is not an indication of future performance.

© 2017 Vanguard Investments Australia Ltd. All rights reserved.

Important:
Any information provided by the author detailed above is separate and external to our business and our Licensee. Neither our business, nor our Licensee take any responsibility for their action or any service they provide.

As property prices continue to rise, purchasing in a centrally-located or sought-after area is out of reach for the average working millennial. Instead, many are opting to rent rather than buy as it means not having to compromise their inner city or beachside lifestyle. But for those who are still eager to enter the market, there is a way to get the best of both worlds.

‘Rentvesting’ is the term coined for when you purchase a property for investment purposes in an affordable location and continue to live and rent in the area of your choice. An example of how the market is evolving, it is a wealth creation strategy that is popular among the younger generation due to the flexibility it offers in comparison to being an owner-occupier.

“Millennials aren’t interested in purchasing a property in the outer suburbs and then having to commute into the CBD,” says an MFAA accredited finance broker. “Rentvesting allows your rental income to cover the mortgage expenses, so you can maintain a lifestyle with less cost.”

For this strategy to work, you’ve got to be a good saver and there needs to be a focus on delayed gratification, advises the broker. “It’s all about living within your means. Don’t spend big at the start while you’re building it up. Step away from the mentality of negative gearing and tax minimisation and buy neutrally, or ideally, a positively geared property as this provides higher rental yields.”

“It’s still a foreign way of thinking,” says the finance broker. “In the past, the great Australian dream was to buy a home on a quarter acre block and then do everything you can to pay that down as fast as possible in the hope of living debt-free. ‘Rentvesting’ is quite the opposite. It says we’re okay with good debt as long as we stick to our budget and keep using the money to invest further. You’ve got to have an open mind and be comfortable with debt.”

To ensure you have the means to make ‘rentvesting’ work for you, us on 9836 8399 for advice on good debt and other strategies that will allow you to maintain your current lifestyle.

Source:
Reproduced with the permission of the Mortgage and Finance Association of Australia (MFAA)

Important:
This provides general information and hasn’t taken your circumstances into account.  It’s important to consider your particular circumstances before deciding what’s right for you. Although the information is from sources considered reliable, we do not guarantee that it is accurate or complete. You should not rely upon it and should seek qualified advice before making any investment decision. Except where liability under any statute cannot be excluded, we do not accept any liability (whether under contract, tort or otherwise) for any resulting loss or damage of the reader or any other person.

Any information provided by the author detailed above is separate and external to our business and our Licensee. Neither our business, nor our Licensee take any responsibility for their action or any service they provide.

Any links have been provided with permission for information purposes only and will take you to external websites, which are not connected to our company in any way. Note: Our company does not endorse and is not responsible for the accuracy of the contents/information contained within the linked site(s) accessible from this page.